The “Work for Hire” doctrine is an important concept in the field of intellectual property rights (especially copyright), which determines who owns and who owns the rights to works produced for payment or contract for the performance of work. Although this doctrine developed mainly in US law, its influence is felt globally. In English law, copyright was primarily viewed as a personal right. Copyright belonged to the creator of the work, who had full rights over his work. However, the concept of the ownership of copyright by the employer (for example, work performed by an employee or employee) began to find its place in English law, especially for production and work performed under certain contracts. The following is an analysis of the main stages in the historical development of the work for hire doctrine.

This article discusses the importance of teaching the history of national values to students in the conditions of renewal of Uzbekistan, existing problems and methodological proposals for their solution. The article considers ways to improve the methodology based on modern pedagogical approaches.

This article talks about the increase in the process of migration in the process of globalization, the exchange of cultures and at the same time, the entry of "mass culture" formed in Western world into our country and the dangerous threat to youth education, as well as the formation of ideological immunity in our youth.

This article analyzes the role of taxonomy in the process of developing pragmatic competence. In language teaching, not only grammatical knowledge but also the contextual and cultural aspects of communication are considered important. Pragmatic competence shapes students' ability to use language correctly and appropriately in different situations. The results of the study also show that through methodology based on taxonomy, a deeper understanding of pragmatics can be achieved. Based on this, the article includes both theoretical and practical recommendations for teachers.

The article discusses the specific features of religiosity and secularism, the function of religion as a means of ensuring spiritual and moral harmony, and the ideological function of religion in ensuring the harmony of interests in the system of relations between religion, society, and the state, as well as its ability to organize and unite large social groups.

This article discusses the work of Rabi al-Abrar Mahmud Zamakhshari, a scholar with the honorary title of Jarullah. The work is written in the style of "Scientific Discussion". Rabi al-Abrar is based on a wide range of information that is important for society and should be known to the intellectuals of that time. An important aspect of the work is that the information on various topics provided in it remains relevant from the time it was written to the present day.

This article analyzes the philosophical views of the great thinker Abu Nasr Al-Farabi on justice, morality and social harmony. Based on Al-Farabi's work "The Virtuous City of People", his doctrine of an ideal society, principles of justice, moral virtues and ways to achieve social harmony are studied. The significance and relevance of Al-Farabi's ideas today are also considered.

This article is about the methods of forming railway transport terms in Pashto, how they entered the Pashto language, how these terms have become widespread and common today, and some of their phonetic changes in Pashto.

The article analyzes the digitalization processes of small businesses in Uzbekistan. The theoretical foundations and practical significance of the use of digital technologies are covered. The reforms implemented within the framework of the "Digital Uzbekistan-2030" strategy have been studied. The advanced experiences of countries such as South Korea and Singapore have been analyzed. The current state of small business digitalization in Uzbekistan, achievements and existing problems have been identified. The main advantages and opportunities of implementing digital technologies are shown. Infrastructure, institutional and financial proposals have been developed for the further development of small business digitalization.

The article discusses the system, structure and legal status of the Road Safety Service of the Department of Public Security of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the place and role of this service in ensuring road safety, and reveals the role of the system in analyzing and preventing road accidents. The author critically approaches the current system and structure of the Road Safety Service and puts forward ideas about the need to reorganize it as an independent institution in a new, modern form.

We know that today the world is developing rapidly. This development affects the cognitive processes, individual psychological characteristics, emotional-volitional spheres of people. At the same time, the fact that the main factor of individual activity is need, and at the same time the increase in needs indicates the increasing importance of studying our psyche from the perspective of modern psychology. Based on this, in this article we will consider the influence of abilities on the economic orientation of a person.

This article discusses the methodology for teaching preschool children to think independently today, and the fact that taking into account the psychological and pedagogical characteristics inherent in children in preschool educational institutions when guiding them to think independently is a guarantee of success. Information is provided on the influence of the development of the psychological characteristics of preschool children on the process of independent thinking at present, and problems and solutions are discussed.